What is Manufacturing and Types of Manufacturing ?
Table of Content
- What is Manufacturing?
- What is Manufacturing Method?
- Types of Manufacturing
- Mass Production
- Discrete Manufacturing
- Process Manufacturing
- Continuous Production
- Batch Production
- Repetitive Manufacturing
- Assemble to order Manufacturing
- Job Production or On-Off Production
What is Manufacturing?
Manufacturing is the process of converting raw materials, components, or parts into finished goods that meet a customers’ expectations or specifications. It commonly employs a Man-Machine-Material (3M) setup with division of labor in a large-scale production.
What is Manufacturing Method?
Manufacturing Methods are the various ways of producing finished goods depending on the intensity of market demand & customer requirement.
Types of Manufacturing
Mass Production
Mass production is the manufacturing of the same standardized product lines for a prolonged period. It uses automation or assembly lines to facilitate the high-volume production of similar products.
Examples of Mass production:
Discrete Manufacturing
Discrete manufacturing is the process of producing distinct items which is concerned with bills of material and routing. The resulting products are easily identifiable.
Example: a car or computer, can be disassembled and its components, to a large extent can be returned to stock
Examples of Discrete Manufacturing:
Process Manufacturing
Process manufacturing is the branch of manufacturing that is associated with formulas and manufacturing recipes.
Process manufacturing like production of paper or petroleum refining, where the final product is obtained by a continuous process or a set of continuous processes.
Simpler definition of Process manufacturing is once an output is produced by this process, it cannot be distilled back to its basic components. Example: A plastic card manufactured cannot be returned to its basic components like PVR sheets, transparent sheets.
Examples of Process manufacturing:
Continuous Production
Continuous production is a flow production method used to manufacture, produce, or process materials without interruption. This is called a Continuous Process or Continuous Flow Process.
Continuous usually means operating 24 hours per day, seven days per week with infrequent maintenance shutdowns, such as semi-annual or annual.
Some chemical plants can operate for more than one or two years without a shutdown. Blast furnaces can run eight to ten years without stopping.
Examples of Continuous Production:
Batch Production
Batch production is a technique used in manufacturing, in which the object in question is created stage by stage over a series of workstations.
Batch production can be useful for small businesses who cannot afford to run continuous production lines. Batch production is also useful for a factory that makes seasonal items, products for which it is difficult to forecast demand, a trial run for production, or products that have a high profit margin.
Examples of Batch Production:
Repetitive Manufacturing
Repetitive manufacturing is period-based planning and not based on orders. Normally same products will be manufactured over longer periods of time.
Products will not change frequently. A total quantity is produced according to a certain production rate over a certain period.
Back flushing in Repetitive Manufacturing is used to record the work progress on the production line in the system.
Examples of Repetitive Manufacturing:
Assemble to Order Manufacturing
Assemble to Order is a production approach where products are not built until a confirmed order for products is received.
This approach is considered good for highly configured products, e.g., Automobiles, Aircrafts, Computer servers or for products where holding inventories is very expensive, e.g., Shipbuilding (YATCH Manufacturing), and is a demand driven production approach where a product is scheduled and built in response to a confirmed order received for it from a final customer.
Examples of Assemble to Order Manufacturing:
Advantages of Assemble to Order Manufacturing:
The main advantages of this approach in environments of high product variety are the ability to supply the customer with the exact product specification required, the reduction in sales discounts and finished good inventory, as well as reduction in stock obsolescence risk.
Job Production or On-Off Production
This type of Production involves producing custom work, such as a one-off product for a specific customer or a small batch of work in quantities usually less than those of mass-market products.
Examples of Job Production or On-Off Production:
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